Industrialization and urban development
lead to continuous release of heavy metals
into the environment and pose a serious
threat to living organisms including human
beings1. The marine environment in particular
is highly polluted, with effluents
from industrial sources and urban run-off
that contain toxic concentrations of heavy
metals such as cadmium, copper, zinc and
nickel2. Mangroves are plant communities,
which form a part of this marine environment
and possess great tolerance to
high levels of heavy-metal pollution.