The rhizomicrobiome plays a vital role in maintaining plant health and is highly influenced by the root exudates of the host plant. Plants select a subset of microbes at different stages of their development, and determine the microbiome community composition in its immediate vicinity presumably for specific functions. The rhizomicrobiome is composed of diversified microbial community with specific functions and is highly influenced by the plant type, soil type and environmental conditions. The rhizomicrobiome communities apart from promoting plant growth also elicit induced systemic tolerance to salinity and drought in stressed plants. Bacterial communities producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase modulate stress ethylene in plants and alleviate the effects of abiotic stress and increases plant adaptability to stressed environment. Inter and intraspecies microbial signals and cross talks modulate plant genes in the rhizobiome and are essential for the functioning and sustainability of plant growth under adverse environmental conditions. With the advance of new technologies such as metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics the structure, function, genomic wealth and complex signaling of the rhizosphere is being explored extensively. In recent years the rhizomicrobiome has received substantial attention as it influences both plant health and productivity under natural and stressed environments. Thus this chapter discusses the role of the root exudates in the selection of the rhizomicrobiome communities during plant-microbe interaction and the mechanism involved in eliciting defense response against abiotic stress, salinity and drought.