A new species, Diplocentrum papillosum J.Mathew, A.K.Pradeep & M.J.Mathew is described in relation to morpho-taxonomical studies of peninsular Indian endemicorchids. This paper presents the new species' distribution, images, and its distinctive morphological traits. Images, distinguishing characters and key to the known species of Diplocentrum, viz., D. congestum, D. longifolium and D. recurvum are also provided for facilitating their identification in the field.